Since their discovery in 1888 and until their first use in displays in the 1960s, liquid crystals have evolved into a popular material choice that can be found in a wide variety of important applications within the field of electronics.
Liquid crystal displays, or small tft display, are the technology that makes this possible. The development of small LCD screen technology has been a major contributor to the enormous growth of the larger display panel market, which is expected to reach a market valuation of $178.20 billion by the year 2026.
In this article, we will discuss the various types of small LCD display technology that are currently available on the market, as well as some of the unique applications and benefits associated with each type.
When a common electrode and a segment electrode overlap with one another, a pixel or an icon is produced at that intersection. The common electrodes are dealt with one at a time in the appropriate order. The information corresponding to all of the pixels or icons that are connected to the currently active common electrode is simultaneously addressed with the segment electrodes. Multiplexing is the name given to this method of operation.
LCDs that use passive matrix technology have a lower overall cost (including that of the tooling) and can be highly customized. Active Matrix displays are the opposite of their more common counterpart, Passive Matrix displays.
LCDs with an active matrix were developed as a solution to some of the shortcomings of LCDs with a passive matrix, namely those concerning resolution, color, and size. These active elements, which may be diodes or transistors, produce a threshold and make it possible to control the optical response of the liquid crystal structure to the voltage that is being applied. As switches, transistors are used to charge a capacitor, which in turn charges the pixel, which receives its voltage from the capacitor. When a row is activated, one pixel at a time, all of the transistor switches in that row are closed, and the voltage on all of the pixel capacitors is brought up to the appropriate level. After the row is turned off, the capacitor will continue to maintain the voltage that is being applied to the pixel until the subsequent refresh cycle.
In addition, the processes that are utilized in the production of Active-Matrix LCDs are able to create significantly finer details on the electrode structure. This enables each pixel to be split into three sub-pixels, each of which can have a different color. Full-color displays are made possible thanks in large part by this, as well as improved voltage regulation.
They have to be fabricated using very thin layers of the appropriate materials. The name Thin Film Transistors (TFT) comes from this fact. Even though AM and TFT refer to two different things, you'll frequently hear them both used interchangeably to refer to displays with improved performance.
TFTs can be fabricated using amorphous silicon, also known as a -Si TFT; polycrystalline silicon, also known as LTPS, which stands for low-temperature poly silicon; or semiconducting metal oxides, also known as Ox-TFTs or IGZO-TFTs, which stand for indium gallium zinc oxide.
